Cultural Inertia and Uniformity in Organizations 1

We analyze aspects of the structure of organizational culture. We show that old and culturally uniform organizations are prone to cultural inertia, that is, they are reluctant to adopt a different culture in response to a change in the environment. Cultural uniformity can be beneficial because the associated inertia ex-post protects and therefore ex-ante encourages culture-specific investments by agents. We also explore the model’s implications for such issues as cultural uniformity within an organization, cultural heterogeneity across organizations, the destabilizing effect of growth and mergers, and the conflicts arising in the management of culture.